The oncology field has undergone considerable transformations in the last several decades, radically changing how cancer care is performed. Researchers and medical professionals continuously seek new measures to improve cancer therapy while minimizing side effects. Here is a glance at some revolutionary cancer treatments that can shape the future of cancer care.
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy uses the immune system to destroy cancer cells. This approach utilizes checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell treatment, and immunotherapeutic vaccines. Checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab inhibit proteins that suppress immunity, hence allowing the body’s immune system to recognize and kill cancer cells. CAR-T Cell therapy reprograms a patient’s T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors that bind to specific cancer antigens. Immunotherapy has resulted in tremendous success in the treatment of many cancers, including melanoma, lung cancer, and leukemia.
Precision Medicine
Precision Medicine, also known as personalized medicine, is one of the types of cancer treatment that is patient-specific according to the tumor genotype. Genomic profiling has aided oncologists in identifying mutations that fuel cancer development. Particular therapies such as the tyrosine kinase and the PARP inhibitors are specific to this mutation, and through their application, the cancer cell pathways are destroyed while leaving the normal cells. The success of precision medicine is already evident in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer, as in the case of drugs like trastuzumab, which have brought drastic changes in results.
Hyperthermia
Hyperthermia, which is the use of heat as a therapy for the treatment of cancer, is gaining acceptance as an adjuvant therapy to massive therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. High temperatures may amplify the efficacy of radiation therapy, increasing the susceptibility of cancerous cells to damage while ensuring the sparing of normal tissues. Also, hyperthermia has a direct action that can kill cancer cells, mainly those resistant to other treatments.
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